Arc-light system



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. J. SOHWARZE. ARC LIGHT SYSTEM.

No. 446,298. Patented Feb. 10,1891.

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(No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. C. J. SOHWARZE. ARC LIGHT SYSTEM.

N0. 446,298. Patented Feb. l0, 1891.

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while ATTORNEYS WITNESSES. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARL J OSEIII SOIUVARZE, OF BROOKLYN, NF. YORK.

ARC-LIGHT SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,298, dated February 10, 1891.

Application filed October 9, 1890. Serial No. 367,542. (No model.)

lamps can be changed without interfering with the mechanism for automatically maintainiu g the normal are when the lamp is burning, as pointed out in the following specification and claims and illustrated in the acco1n- 'panying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a diagram of a series of are lamps connected with each other and with a dynamo-machine according to my i11- vention. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one of the lamps on a larger scale than the previous figures. Fig. 3 is a plan or top view of the same.

In the drawings, the letter A designates an electrie-arc lamp, the carbon-holders of which are suspended from ropes a Z), which are secured to a wheel ill, the rope a, which supports the lower carbon-holder, being wound upon the wheel in one direction, while the rope I), which supports the upper earbonholder, is wound upon the wheel in the opposite direction, so that it said wheel is turned in the direction of the arrow 1, Fig. 53, the carbons close up, and if said wheel is turned in the opposite direction the carbons are moved apart. The wheel M is mounted loosely upon a shaft 13, on which is firmly mounted an armature-lever C, one end of which extends over the electroanagnet D, while its opposite end extends over the electro-magnet E. The wheel M is held in gear with the shaft 13 by a clutch mechanism, so that it the electromagnet D attracts the armature C said wheel is turned in the direction of arrow 1, causing the carbons to close up, and it the electromagnet E attracts the armature O the wheel )1 is turned in the direction opposite to arrow 1 and thecarbons are caused to move apart. From this description it will be seen that the electro-magnet E opposes the action of the electro-magnet D, and if the attractive force of both elcctro-magnets should be the same 'normal arc of the lamp.

they would produce no action upon the car bons but the eleetro-magnet E is constructed so that its attractive force is smaller than that of the electro-magnet D, so that if both magnets are included in the electric circuit the action of the electromagnet D upon the armature G will be equal to its own attractive force less that of the electro-magnet E. The clutch mechanism which holds the wheel M in gear with the shaft 13 may be of any suitable construction. In the example represented in the drawings saidclutch mechanism consists of a ratchet-wheel f, an anchor g, and the pinion 71.. The ratchet-wheel f and the pinion 7L are firmly mounted on an arbor '1', which has its bearings in a yoke F, mounted firmly upon the shaft B,'and the anchor g is mounted upon an arbor j, from which depends a pendulum 7;. The bottom end of this pendulum bears against a stop Z, and thereby the anchor g is prevented from oscillating, and consequently the ratchet-wheel f and the pinion h cannot rotate. The pinion h gears into cogs formed on the circumference of the wheel M, and since this pinion cannot rotate while the bottom end of the pendulum it bears against the stop I, the wheel M is compelled to rotate when the shaft 13 is rotated. If, however, the armature C is attracted by the clectro-magnet D to such an extent that the pendulum 7c clears the stop Z, the wheel M is free to rotate on the shaft 13, and the upper carbon holder, the weight of which is larger than that of the lower-carbon holder, sinks down, so that the carbons close up. The electro magnet D, armature O, and'wheel M, with its clutch mechanism, compose the means employed for automatically maintaining the The electric current passes from the dynamo P, Fig. 1, through wire 10 to the upper carbon of the lamp A, thence through the lower carbon and wire 11 to lamp A, through the carbons of this lamp and wire 12 to lamp A through the carbons of this lamp and wire 13 to lamp A and thence through wire 1% to the switchboard S, a portion of the current commensurate to the resistance of the carbons being passed through the clectro-magnets D D D D respectively, in each lamp, as indicated in Fig. 2.

The switchboard is provided with a switchlever S and with contact-plates t" S S, and

the wire 14: is in a metallic connection with the switch-lever S. The contact-plate S of the switch-board connects by a wire 15 with the opposing magnet E of the lamp A thence through wire 16 to magnet E of-lamp A through wire 17 to magnet E of lamp A, through wire 18 to magnet E of lamp A, and through wires 19 and 20 back to the dynamo. If the switch-lever is brought'in contact with plate S, as shown in Fig. 1, the current passes through the principal magnet D, and also through the opposing magnet E of each lamp,

and the normal arc of all the. lamps is increased. If the switch-lever is broughtinto contact with the plate S the current passes from wire 14 directly to wire 20, and the principal magnets D D D D are rendered active, while the opposing magnets remain inactive. If a powerful light is desired therefrom, the switch-lever is turned upon the contact-plate S but if it becomes desirable to reduce the power of the light the switch-lever is turned upon the contact-plate S, and if the switchlever is turnednpon the plate S the lights are extinguished.

In many localities it is desirable that during the fore part of the night a bright light shall be furnished, while during the after part of the night a light of less brightness is sufficient, and if'arc lamps are used which, when their carbons are adjusted at a normal arc of three milli-meters'produce a light of eighteen hundred candle-power, the same lamps with their carbons placed at a normal arc of five millimeters produce a light of only six hundred candle-power each, and at the same time the power required for imparting motion to the dynamo-machines in the central station is proportionately decreased. It the switch hat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In anelectric-arc. lamp, the combination, with the magnet for automatically maintaining the normal are when the lamp is burning, of an opposing magnet' for changing the normal arc of the lamp, a switch for throwing the opposing magnet in and out of the circuit,

and suitable connections with a dynamo-machine or other source of electricity, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a nu mberof lamps connected in series and with the magnets in each lamp for automatically maintaining the normal arcs when the lamps are burning, of opposing magnets for changing the normal arc in each lamp, a switch for throwing all the opposing magnets in or out of the circuit, and suitable connections with a dynamo-machine or other source of electricity, substantially as described. I

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL JOSEPH SCI'UVARZE.

Witnesses:

WM. 0. HAUFF, E. F. KASTENHUBE-R: 

